Reema Patel, Emma Allington (both from Dow High School), and Gage Slominski (Hemlock High School) have been collaborating with their mentor, Dr. Daniel Henton, to remove fluoride from water without the use of electricity.  The purification process involves an ion exchange resin where ionized groups are attached to a polymer backbone.  This resin provides sites, which can bind various positive ions that have a high affinity for negative fluoride ions. Passage of fluoride-containing water through these resins can result in fluoride removal, effectively purifying the water.  Students are investigating the effects of five different types of resins in combination with various metals to determine which grouping of resin and metal will remove fluoride most efficiently.